Admin at 16:32, 29 January 2026

2026-01-29T16:32:26Z

Admin at 16:27, 29 January 2026

2026-01-29T16:27:37Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:27, 29 January 2026
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	* Audio at other sample rates must be converted before being imported into Rivendell.		* Audio at other sample rates must be converted before being imported into Rivendell.

	~~{{Note\|~~
	Rivendell does not dynamically resample audio during playback. Files not at the correct sample rate may fail to import or play incorrectly.		Rivendell does not dynamically resample audio during playback. Files not at the correct sample rate may fail to import or play incorrectly.
	}}

	== Bit Depth ==		== Bit Depth ==
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	* Avoid on‑the‑fly sample rate conversion		* Avoid on‑the‑fly sample rate conversion
	* Document any exceptions clearly for engineering staff		* Document any exceptions clearly for engineering staff

	~~== See Also ==~~

	* [[Audio Formats in Rivendell]]
	* [[rdimport]]
	* [[Audio Hardware Configuration]]
	* [[Digital Audio Basics]]

Admin at 16:26, 29 January 2026

2026-01-29T16:26:24Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:26, 29 January 2026
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	Sample ~~rates~~		= Sample Rates in Rivendell =

			This page documents how audio sample rates are handled in the '''Rivendell Radio Automation System''', including supported rates, system limitations, and best practices for production and ingestion.

			== Overview ==

			Rivendell is designed primarily for broadcast radio environments and assumes a fixed digital audio sample rate throughout the system. Correct configuration and consistent audio formatting are critical to ensure reliable playback, accurate timing, and predictable audio quality.

			== Supported Sample Rates ==

			Rivendell supports '''44,100 Hz (44.1 kHz)''' PCM audio.

			* 44.1 kHz is the native and required sample rate for all audio stored in the Rivendell audio store.
			* Audio at other sample rates must be converted before being imported into Rivendell.

			{{Note\|
			Rivendell does not dynamically resample audio during playback. Files not at the correct sample rate may fail to import or play incorrectly.
			}}

			== Bit Depth ==

			While this page focuses on sample rates, bit depth is closely related and must also be considered.

			* '''16-bit''' linear PCM is the standard and most commonly used format.
			* Some workflows may support '''24-bit''' audio during import, but files are typically stored and processed as 16-bit audio internally.

			== Channel Configuration ==

			Rivendell supports both mono and stereo audio at the supported sample rate.

			* Mono: Single channel PCM
			* Stereo: Two-channel PCM (Left / Right)

			The sample rate requirement (44.1 kHz) applies equally to mono and stereo files.

			== Importing Audio ==

			When importing audio into Rivendell using tools such as:
			* '''rdimport'''
			* '''Rivendell Import GUI'''
			* External production workflows

			ensure that all source files meet the following criteria:

			* Sample Rate: '''44,100 Hz'''
			* Encoding: Linear PCM (WAV)
			* Bit Depth: 16-bit (recommended)
			* Channel Count: Mono or Stereo

			If a file does not meet these requirements, it should be converted prior to import using an external audio editor or batch processing tool.

			== Sample Rate Conversion ==

			Audio files created at common production or distribution sample rates such as:
			* 48,000 Hz (video production)
			* 96,000 Hz (high‑resolution recording)

			must be resampled to 44.1 kHz before use in Rivendell.

			Recommended practices:
			* Use high‑quality offline resampling
			* Avoid repeated resampling of the same audio
			* Apply dithering when reducing bit depth

			== Clocking and Audio Hardware ==

			Although Rivendell software assumes a 44.1 kHz internal rate, audio hardware configuration is also important.

			* Audio interfaces should be locked to a stable clock source
			* Hardware may run at 44.1 kHz or perform real‑time sample rate conversion internally
			* Mixing differing hardware clock rates without proper synchronization can cause clicks, pops, or drift

			== Timing and Logs ==

			Precise timing in Rivendell logs depends on all audio sharing the same sample rate.

			* Segue calculations
			* Event timing
			* Length metadata

			are all based on the assumption of 44.1 kHz source audio.

			Using non‑conforming files may result in:
			* Incorrect length reporting
			* Timing drift
			* Playback errors

			== Best Practices ==

			* Standardize production workflows at 44.1 kHz
			* Validate audio files before import
			* Avoid on‑the‑fly sample rate conversion
			* Document any exceptions clearly for engineering staff

			== See Also ==

			* [[Audio Formats in Rivendell]]
			* [[rdimport]]
			* [[Audio Hardware Configuration]]
			* [[Digital Audio Basics]]

imported>WaybackImport: Imported from Wayback via edit

2021-03-04T18:56:08Z

Imported from Wayback via edit

New page

Sample rates

Sample Rates - Revision history

Admin at 16:32, 29 January 2026

Admin at 16:27, 29 January 2026

Admin at 16:26, 29 January 2026

imported>WaybackImport: Imported from Wayback via edit